{"id":1879,"date":"2023-01-10T10:34:29","date_gmt":"2023-01-10T13:34:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/qualimapas.com\/?p=1879"},"modified":"2025-02-03T12:57:24","modified_gmt":"2025-02-03T15:57:24","slug":"shp-gpkg-qgz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/qualimapas.com\/index.php\/2023\/01\/10\/shp-gpkg-qgz\/","title":{"rendered":"Formatos de arquivo no QGIS: Shapefile (SHP), Geopackage (GPKG) e projeto (QGZ)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Existem tr\u00eas tipos de arquivos mais utilizados quando se trabalha com o QGIS.
O primeiro \u00e9 o arquivo de projeto, salvo como\u00a0nomedoprojeto.qgz<\/span>.\u00a0
O segundo e o terceiro s\u00e3o arquivos de geometrias de vetores, o mais conhecido \u00e9 o formato Shapefile e o menos conhecido, por\u00e9m mais eficiente \u00e9 o Geopackage.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Quer sair do zero e elaborar mapas completos e complexos, com dados e informa\u00e7\u00f5es organizadas e leg\u00edveis em um curso de apenas 6h?<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsaiba mais<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tentre em contato<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Arquivo de projeto - QGZ<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Arquivos de vetores - Shapefile e outros<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Arquivo de vetores - GeoPackage<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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V\u00eddeo aula<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Arquivo de projeto - QGZ<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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O QGZ \u00e9 o arquivo de visualiza\u00e7\u00e3o dos dados. Nesse arquivo estar\u00e3o salvas as configura\u00e7\u00f5es de estilos das camadas, os layouts, os grupos de camadas ou outras configura\u00e7\u00f5es dos seus mapas.<\/p>

Esse arquivo pode ser compartilhado com outras pessoas desde que voc\u00ea envie com ele todos os dados que est\u00e3o vinculados a ele.\u00a0<\/p>

Esse arquivo de projeto \u00e9 relativamente leve e pode armazenar configura\u00e7\u00f5es de leitura de in\u00fameras camadas e layouts (dependendo da capacidade do seu computador).<\/p>

Nesse post abaixo tem mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es de como voc\u00ea pode criar v\u00e1rios mapas e layouts com o mesmo .qgz:<\/p>

Como organizar seus layouts no QGIS?<\/a><\/p>

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Arquivo de vetores - Shapefile e outros<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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O formato de arquivo mais conhecido no QGIS e outros softwares de geoprocessamento como o ArcGis \u00e9 o Shapefile. Por\u00e9m esse formato na verdade \u00e9 um conjunto de arquivos, cada um com um tipo de informa\u00e7\u00e3o:
. CPG -> informa\u00e7\u00f5es de idioma, unidades e linguagem
. DBF -> informa\u00e7\u00f5es da tabela de atributos
. PRJ -> informa\u00e7\u00f5es das coordenadas geogr\u00e1ficas ou proje\u00e7\u00f5es
. SHP -> informa\u00e7\u00f5es do desenho da geometria: pontos, linhas ou pol\u00edgonos
. SHX -> o arquivo que faz a jun\u00e7\u00e3o do arquivo da geometria (SHP) com o arquivo da tabela de atributos (CPG)<\/p>

Ao usar esse conjunto de arquivos \u00e9 importante estar ciente de que a aus\u00eancia de algum desses arquivos pode comprometer a visualiza\u00e7\u00e3o dos dados.<\/span> O \u00fanico arquivo que \u00e9 “opcional” \u00e9 o arquivo de proje\u00e7\u00e3o, na falta dele voc\u00ea deve definir uma coordenada.<\/p>

Uma boa pr\u00e1tica para compartilhar um Shapefile \u00e9 comprimir todos os arquivos de cada dado em formato .zip. Dessa forma voc\u00ea garante que nada se perca pelo caminho.\u00a0<\/p>

Outro ponto de aten\u00e7\u00e3o necess\u00e1rio \u00e9 que n\u00e3o \u00e9 recomendada a altera\u00e7\u00e3o de nenhum desses arquivos em nenhum outro software separadamente<\/span>, embora seja poss\u00edvel. Por exemplo: o arquivo da tabela da atributos pode ser alterado em softwares tipo Excel. A altera\u00e7\u00e3o dessas informa\u00e7\u00f5es externamente pode tamb\u00e9m corromper os dados para sempre.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Arquivo de vetores - GeoPackage<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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O formato de arquivo GeoPackage \u00e9 um arquivo de vetores, como o conjunto Shapefile, mas ele armazena todas as informa\u00e7\u00f5es em um mesmo arquivo. Como o pr\u00f3prio nome, ele \u00e9 uma “caixa” ou package <\/em>em ingl\u00eas, que cont\u00e9m tudo o que \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio.<\/p>

Embora menos conhecido, eu pessoalmente prefiro o formato GeoPackage devido \u00e0 facilidade de “transporte” dos dados. N\u00e3o h\u00e1 riscos de faltar algum dado como no caso do Shapefile.<\/p>

Quando um GeoPackage est\u00e1 em leitura em um arquivo de projeto (.qgz), aparecem mais dois formatos de arquivo:\u00a0
. GPKG-SHM
. CPKG-WAL
N\u00e3o \u00e9 recomendado alterar o local desses arquivos enquanto eles est\u00e3o sendo lidos no arquivo de projeto.<\/span><\/p>

Tanto os arquivos de Shapefile quanto de GeoPackage podem ser exportados em outros formatos, como por exemplo:
. Exportar um Shapefile como GeoPackage
. Exportar um GeoPackage como Shapefile
. Exportar um Shapefile ou GeoPackage como formato de tabela (.xlxs)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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V\u00eddeo aula<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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No v\u00eddeo a seguir voc\u00ea encontra essas e outras informa\u00e7\u00f5es:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Fique por dentro das novidades da qualimapas assinando a newsletter no bot\u00e3o inscreva-se ou\u00a0clicando aqui.<\/a>\u00a0
\u00c9 gr\u00e1tis e apenas 1 email por m\u00eas.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Saiba quais s\u00e3o os tr\u00eas tipos de arquivos mais usados no QGIS:
\n1. O arquivo de projeto -> QGZ
\n2. Conjunto de arquivos de vetores, tamb\u00e9m chamado de Shapefile -> SHP
\n3. Arquivo de vetores completo em um \u00fanico arquivo, chamado Geopackage -> GPKG<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2019,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,9,15,26,16,14,28],"tags":[53,55,42,56,57,54],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-1879","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-importacao-exportacao","category-inciante","category-linha","category-nivel","category-poligono","category-ponto","category-vetores","tag-arquivos","tag-geopackage","tag-organizacao","tag-projeto","tag-qgz","tag-shapefile"],"yoast_head":"\nFormatos de arquivo no QGIS: Shapefile (SHP), Geopackage (GPKG) e projeto (QGZ) - qualimapas.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/qualimapas.com\/index.php\/2023\/01\/10\/shp-gpkg-qgz\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Formatos de arquivo no QGIS: Shapefile (SHP), Geopackage (GPKG) e projeto (QGZ) - qualimapas.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Saiba quais s\u00e3o os tr\u00eas tipos de arquivos mais usados no QGIS: 1. 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